Bluetooth
may seem very similar to Wi-Fi because they are both based around wireless
communications, but they are vastly different. While Wi-Fi provides Internet
access, Bluetooth is used to connect devices in a close range (30 feet max) and
exchange data between them through the use of low power radio communications. Basically,
it acts as a cord between 2-8 devices by creating a secure PAN (personal area
network) in which they can all communicate. Bluetooth technology was designed
mostly for the personal consumer to connect multiple devices, such as
smartphones to things such as laptops, headsets, speakers or printers. Many cars nowadays come preinstalled with Bluetooth capabilities so one can talk on the phone hands-free.
So,
how does Bluetooth operate? As I said before, data is transmitted via low-power
radio waves. The frequency it communicates on is 2.45 gigahertz, which lies on
the ISM frequency band (industrial, scientific, and medical devices). Even with
many other systems using the same frequency, Bluetooth avoids interference with
them by sending out weak signals of 1 milliwatt. This is why the objects must
be in close range, but no line of sight is required. Bluetooth also uses a
technique called spread-spectrum frequency hopping, in which an individual
device changes between 79 randomly chosen frequencies, making it rare for two
devices to be on the same frequency at the same time.
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